請看下表:假如私產權充分介定,交易費用 = 0,而家英和 Lisa 分別擁有
1 個和 5 個蘋果。根據交易定理,交易將出現,而家英的 MV 高於 Lisa,家英會向 Lisa 買入蘋果。
結論:
When private property rights are well-defined, resources will be
re-allocated through voluntary exchange until Pareto efficiency
is reached.
Given that transaction costs are zero, only
when the Marginal Valuations of all individuals equal Price (MVs
= P), will the Pareto efficiency be attained in this trade model.
Since production is ignored in this trade model, the condition MVs
= P represents only a case of consumption
efficiency.